| Hamburg | |||||||||||||||||||
A Silver-Spangled Hamburg Rooster |
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| Conservation status | Watch | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other names | Hamburgh | ||||||||||||||||||
| Country of origin | Holland | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nicknames | Dutch Everyday Layers Everlayers |
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| Notes | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Layer breed | |||||||||||||||||||
| Poultry (Galloanserae) | |||||||||||||||||||
The Hamburg or Hamburgh in Britain, is a type of chicken developed in Germany and Holland prior to 1700. It is comparatively rare, with less than 1000 registered in North America each year.[1]
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It is a small breed—cocks tend to weigh only 5 pounds and hens about 4 lb (2.25 and 1.75 kg) with slender legs and a neat rose comb. The bird comes in more than ten different varieties, including: Silver Spangled, Golden Spangled, Golden Penciled, Citrone Penciled, Silver Penciled, White, Black, and more recently-Citron Spangled in bantam form. Penciled breeds are smallest and self-colored birds are largest. There are also bantam Hamburgs, which weigh about 1.5 pounds.[2] Hamburgs are hardy, active birds who are capable of flight and often jumpy around humans.
Hamburgs mature quickly and are considered good egg producers. Their eggs are rather small with white, glossy shells.
Perhaps the most famous devotee of the Hamburg chicken was L. Frank Baum, author of the Oz books. He began a monthly trade journal, Hamburgs, in 1880 and in 1886, published his first and only book on the subject, The Book of the Hamburgs: A Brief Treatise upon the Mating, Rearing, and Management of the Different Varieties of Hamburgs.[3]
In Baum's third Oz book, Ozma of Oz, he introduces Dorothy Gale's chicken, Billina. He must have drawn on his experience in breeding Hamburgs when creating her character, as she is appropriately spirited and active.
| Cock | 1.8 - 2.3 kg |
| Hen | 1.8 kg |
| Cockerel | 2 kg |
| Pullet | 1.75 kg |
| Rooster | 680 - 790g |
| Hen | 620 - 740 g |